I agree with some of what Daryl Michael Scott is saying. The 13th Amendment didn't invent mass incarceration, the section that allows for enslavement may well have been just a restatement of existing law/policy. It did provide a gaping loophole that led to forced reenslavement or voluntary reenslavement (sharecropping) from those who knew what the law would do to them if they didn't sign up.

You/he might not agree about the 13th Amendment being the cause, yet virtual slavery went on anyway whether you credit the 13th or not.